{"id":31949,"date":"2024-02-13T10:11:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-13T09:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nutrex.eu\/insights\/tackle-negative-effects-of-endotoxins-during-sows-lactation-period\/"},"modified":"2025-10-27T15:03:58","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T14:03:58","slug":"tackle-negative-effects-of-endotoxins-during-sows-lactation-period","status":"publish","type":"insights","link":"https:\/\/www.nutrex.eu\/en-eu\/insights\/tackle-negative-effects-of-endotoxins-during-sows-lactation-period\/","title":{"rendered":"Tackle negative effects of endotoxins during sows lactation period!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Tackle negative effects of endotoxins during sows lactation period!<\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Improving pork production<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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With a world population exceeding 8 billion, food & feed security is a major issue. As pork meat is the most common protein source for millions of people around the world, supporting and improving pork production is of major importance. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t

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One of the factors influencing the profitability of pork production is the development of healthy, heavy, uniform and resilient piglets. The amount and quality of milk produced by sows during the first weeks of the piglet\u2019s life (pre-weaning period) plays a vital role in this process. Modern sows can produce 10 to 12 kg milk\/day.<\/p>\n

Maintaining those high levels of milk production throughout their lactation period is dependent on adequate levels of energy and nutrients. Removing factors, such as endotoxins<\/u><\/a><\/span>, that negatively affect the availability of energy and nutrients to achieve the required level of lactation is key.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t

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Endotoxins<\/h3>\n \n \n

Also known as Lipopolysaccharides<\/strong>\u00a0(LPS<\/strong>), are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide composed of O-antigen, outer core and inner core joined by a covalent bond; they are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t\t\n

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The peripartum period<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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The peripartum period is also known as a risk period for endotoxins due to the many changes sows go through.<\/p>\n Danijela Gnjatovic, DVM<\/small>\n <\/blockquote>\n <\/div>\n \n

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Hormonal changes & re-housing<\/h3>\n \n \n

During the peripartum period, the sow goes through many changes and experiences extensive metabolic stress, shifting from an anabolic to a catabolic state.<\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t

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Dietary changes<\/h3>\n \n \n

In addition, to prepare sows for farrowing, the gestation diet is replaced with a farrowing diet. Not only the composition of the diet but also the amount of feed is changed in the 10-30 days prior to farrowing.\u00a0These dietary changes affect the sow\u2019s gut microbiota<\/strong> by favoring a shift towards Gram-negative bacteria.<\/p>\n

Moreover, constipation<\/strong> is frequently reported in perinatal sows. Due to the lowered passage rate of the digesta, the intestinal microbiota has more time to proliferate, and the release of endotoxins<\/strong> in the intestinal lumen is increased.<\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t

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Gut permeability is compromised<\/h3>\n \n \n

In addition, gut permeability around farrowing is compromised promoting the leakage of endotoxins from the lumen of the gut to the sow\u2019s circulation.<\/p>\n

Once endotoxins reach the circulation, inflammatory responses<\/strong> are initiated, diverting energy and nutrients towards the immune system and lowering their availability for lactation.<\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t\t\n

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Lactation period<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Postpartum Dysgalactia Syndrome (PPDS)<\/h3>\n \n \n

Is a common disease in sows<\/strong>\u00a0worldwide. Affected\u00a0sows<\/strong>\u00a0have a decreased milk production during the first days after parturition (giving birth). The reduced milk production has serious consequences for new-born piglets.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t

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Effect of endotoxins<\/h3>\n \n \n

Prolactin is a hormone that plays an important role in the initiation and maintenance of milk production<\/strong> and regulation of many other physiological processes such as reproduction, fat metabolism, and immune response. Bacterial endotoxins have been found to suppress the release of prolactin by the pituitary gland. Endotoxins do not only suppress prolactin production but also decrease the amount of circulating thyroid hormone which is related to milk synthesis and increase the concentration of cortisol<\/strong> which acts pro-inflammatory.<\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t

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Neonatal problems<\/h3>\n \n \n

All of the above lead to a complex multifactorial syndrome called Postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PPDS)<\/strong> resulting in lower milk production and is the primary cause of neonatal problems such as diarrhea, crushing, runting, inanition and poor piglet growth.<\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Postpartum Dysgalactia Syndrome (PPDS)<\/figcaption>\n <\/figure>\n <\/div>\n \n \n
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Weaning-to-oestrus interval<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Effect of endotoxins<\/h3>\n \n \n

Endotoxins not only affect milk production around farrowing but can also impair the reproductive-neuroendocrine function by disrupting the ovarian cyclicity and prolonging the sow\u2019s weaning-to-oestrus interval.<\/p>\n

After farrowing, the development of new follicles is naturally suppressed by two key hormones, prolactin and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are produced and released in response to the suckling effect of the piglets. This natural process helps the sow to be properly introduced into the next oestrus cycle with the right number and size of follicles and boosts the sows production results.<\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n\t\t\t\t\t

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A potent negative modulator<\/h3>\n \n \n

Endotoxins are a potent negative modulator of LH secretion and act as a prolactin suppressant which could disrupt the natural process of follicular development.<\/p>\n<\/span>\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t\t\n

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Conclusion<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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The peripartum period is the most stressful part of the sow\u2019s production cycle. Endotoxins present an additional pressure on the sow\u2019s energy balance during the peripartum period as they initiate an inflammatory response and divert energy and nutrients toward the immune system. In addition, endotoxins also negatively affect the sow\u2019s milk production and weaning-to-oestrus interval.<\/p>\n

As endotoxins are present always and everywhere and cannot be avoided in the environment of the sows, it is recommended to use EndoBan during sow production.<\/strong> EndoBan is a unique product designed to remove endotoxins and stimulate a natural defense mechanism against endotoxins in the gut lumen.<\/em><\/p>\n

References are available upon request.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The quantity & quality of milk produced by sows during the pre-weaning period are crucial for the growth of healthy, robust and resilient piglets.
\nTherefore, it is essential to eliminate negative factors, such as endotoxins, that hinder the availability of energy and nutrients.<\/p>\n

By focusing on eliminating endotoxins, you will improve sow lactation performance and achieve a more profitable swine operation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":31951,"template":"","category_product":[2857,3086],"insight_categories":[],"solutions":[2897,2896,2898,2900],"spiecies":[2856],"class_list":["post-31949","insights","type-insights","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category_product-endotoxin-reducers-en-eu","category_product-toxin-reducers-en-eu","solutions-antibiotic-reduction-en-eu","solutions-gut-health-en-eu","solutions-milk-production-quality-en-eu","solutions-toxin-management-en-eu","spiecies-swine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMitigating endotoxin impact: Ensuring energy and nutrient availability during sows\u2019 lactation period | Nutrex Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Make sure that availability of energy and nutrients during lactation period of sows is not affected by an increased level of endotoxins in the intestinal 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